Load context
On first use: Read ../../CLAUDE.md to obtain scenario-level configuration (scenario definition standards/historical benchmarks/probability estimation methods).
/scenario-analysis — Scenario Analysis
Examples
→ Example: The user says "Help me create a financial forecast for three scenarios: optimistic/base/pessimistic." The system should invoke this skill and perform a three-scenario financial forecast analysis.
→ Example: The user says "How much will a 30% surge in raw material prices affect our profit next year?" The system should invoke this skill and perform a price shock sensitivity analysis.
→ Example: The user says "A competitor price war has started; help me assess the impact on us." The system should invoke this skill and perform a competitive scenario analysis.
Step 1: Determine the analysis framework
Analysis target and scope:
□ 分析对象:[项目/业务单元/公司]
□ 分析维度:[财务回报/现金流/估值/战略影响]
□ 币种:[CNY]
□ 关键假设变量([X] 个):
→ 变量 1:[收入增长率] — 基准 [X]%
→ 变量 2:[毛利率] — 基准 [X]%
→ 变量 3:[利率/折现率] — 基准 [X]%
→ 变量 4:[...] — 基准 [...]
Number and definition of scenarios:
□ 情景结构:
→ 情景 1:基准情景(最可能发生)
→ 情景 2:乐观情景(上行情景)
→ 情景 3:悲观情景(下行情景)
→ [情景 4:极端悲观(如需)]
→ [情景 5:极端乐观(如需)]
□ 情景概率分配:
→ 基准:[X]%
→ 乐观:[X]%
→ 悲观:[X]%
→ 合计:100%
Step 2: Base scenario design
Base scenario assumptions:
□ 宏观经济假设:
→ GDP 增速:[X]%
→ 行业增速:[X]%
→ 利率水平:[X]%
□ 业务假设:
→ 收入增长率:[X]%([假设依据])
→ 毛利率:[X]%([假设依据])
→ 运营费用率:[X]%
→ 资本支出:[X] 万/年
□ 财务预测([X] 年):
→ Year 1:收入 [X] 万,EBITDA [X] 万
→ Year 2:收入 [X] 万,EBITDA [X] 万
→ Year 3:收入 [X] 万,EBITDA [X] 万
Base scenario financial results:
□ 核心指标:
→ NPV:[X] 万 [✅ > 0 / 🔴 < 0]
→ IRR:[X]%(vs 门槛 [X]%)[✅ > 门槛 / 🔴 < 门槛]
→ 回收期:[X] 年
□ 自由现金流(FCF):
→ Year 1:[X] 万
→ Year 2:[X] 万
→ Year 3:[X] 万
→ 累计 FCF:[X] 万
Step 3: Optimistic/pessimistic scenario design
Optimistic scenario assumptions (vs. base [+/-X]%):
□ 假设变化:
→ 收入增长率:[X]%(基准 [X]%,提升 [X]%)
→ 毛利率:[X]%(基准 [X]%,提升 [X]%)
→ 运营费用率:[X]%(基准 [X]%,降低 [X]%)
□ 乐观情景财务结果:
→ NPV:[X] 万
→ IRR:[X]%
→ 概率:[X]%
Pessimistic scenario assumptions (vs. base [-X]%):
□ 假设变化:
→ 收入增长率:[X]%(基准 [X]%,下降 [X]%)
→ 毛利率:[X]%(基准 [X]%,下降 [X]%)
→ 运营费用率:[X]%(基准 [X]%,上升 [X]%)
□ 悲观情景财务结果:
→ NPV:[X] 万 [🔴 < 0]
→ IRR:[X]%([🔴 < 门槛])
→ 概率:[X]%
Scenario comparison summary:
| 情景 | 收入增长率 | 毛利率 | NPV(万) | IRR | 概率 |
|------|----------|--------|----------|-----|------|
| 乐观 | [X]% | [X]% | [+X] | [X]% | [X]% |
| 基准 | [X]% | [X]% | [X] | [X]% | [X]% |
| 悲观 | [X]% | [X]% | [-X] | [X]% | [X]% |
Step 4: Probability-weighted analysis
Expected value (probability-weighted NPV) calculation:
□ 期望 NPV = Σ (情景 NPV × 概率)
= ([X] 万 × [X]%) + ([X] 万 × [X]%) + ([-X] 万 × [X]%)
= [X] 万 + [X] 万 + [-X] 万
= [X] 万
□ 期望 NPV > 0:[✅ 期望值为正 / 🔴 期望值为负]
□ NPV 下行风险:
→ 悲观情景 NPV:[-X] 万
→ 概率加权下行损失:[X] 万
Upside/downside asymmetry analysis:
□ 上行潜力(乐观 vs 基准):
→ NPV 增厚:[+X] 万([+X]%)
□ 下行风险(基准 vs 悲观):
→ NPV 减少:[X] 万([-X]%)
□ 风险回报比:
→ 上行/下行比 = [X]:[X]
→ [⚠️ 风险不对称 / ✅ 风险收益对称]
Step 5: Sensitivity analysis
Single-variable sensitivity analysis:
□ 对收入增长率敏感性:
| 收入增长率变化 | NPV 变化 | IRR 变化 |
|--------------|---------|---------|
| +5% | [+X]万 | [+X]% |
| +2% | [+X]万 | [+X]% |
| -2% | [-X]万 | [-X]% |
| -5% | [-X]万 | [-X]% |
□ 对毛利率敏感性:
| 毛利率变化 | NPV 变化 |
|----------|---------|
| +2% | [+X]万 |
| -2% | [-X]万 |
Two-variable sensitivity (impact on NPV):
□ 收入增长率 vs 毛利率:
毛利率-2% 毛利率 毛利率+2%
收入+5% [X] [X] [X]
收入基准 [X] [X] [X]
收入-5% [X] [X] [X]
Identification of key critical points:
□ NPV = 0 的临界条件:
→ 收入增长率须维持 > [X]% 才能不亏损
→ 毛利率须维持 > [X]% 才能不亏损
→ 折现率须维持 < [X]% 才能不亏损
□ 投资不可逆性程度:[高/中/低]
Step 6: Generate the scenario analysis report
═══════════════════════════════════════
情景分析报告
分析标的:[项目名称]
报告日期:[YYYY-MM-DD]
═══════════════════════════════════════
【分析框架】
□ 情景数量:[X] 个
□ 关键变量:[X] 个
□ 分析期间:[X] 年
【情景设定】
□ 乐观情景:[X]% 概率 — 收入 [X]% / 毛利率 [X]%
□ 基准情景:[X]% 概率 — 收入 [X]% / 毛利率 [X]%
□ 悲观情景:[X]% 概率 — 收入 [X]% / 毛利率 [X]%
【财务结果对比】
| 情景 | NPV(万) | IRR | 回收期 | 概率 |
|------|----------|-----|--------|------|
| 乐观 | [+X] | [X]% | [X]年 | [X]% |
| 基准 | [X] | [X]% | [X]年 | [X]% |
| 悲观 | [-X] | [X]% | [X]年 | [X]% |
【概率加权结果】
□ 期望 NPV:[X] 万 [✅ 正 / 🔴 负]
□ 概率加权 IRR:[X]%
【风险回报分析】
□ 上行潜力:[+X] 万([+X]%)
□ 下行风险:[-X] 万([-X]%)
□ 风险回报比:[X]:[X]
【敏感性分析】
□ 最关键变量:[变量名]
□ NPV=0 临界值:[条件描述]
【关键发现】
□ [发现 1]
□ [发现 2]
【决策建议】
□ [建议:推进/谨慎推进/不推荐]
□ 建议条件:[条件描述]
═══════════════════════════════════════
置信度:[✅ 高 / ⚠️ 中 / 🔴 低]
分析结论:[✅ 乐观 / ⚠️ 谨慎乐观 / 🔴 风险较大]
═══════════════════════════════════════
Escalation trigger conditions
- NPV < 0 under all scenarios (not worth investing under any circumstances)
- Pessimistic scenario probability revised upward > [X]% (external risks intensifying)
- Optimistic scenario depends on a single variable (that variable is highly uncertain)
- The NPV = 0 critical condition is too stringent (difficult to satisfy in reality)
- A major capital expenditure decision must be made based on the scenario analysis (> [X] ten thousand)
- Multi-scenario analysis results are inconsistent (IRR vs NPV conclusions conflict)
Finance Skills — scenario-analysis atomic skill