Overview
Apply ASC 606/IFRS 15 to revenue recognition and contract analysis. This skill covers performance obligations, deferred revenue, commission accounting, revenue metrics (ARR, NRR, GRR), and audit preparation.
Features
- ASC 606/IFRS 15 five-step revenue recognition model
- Contract analysis: performance obligations, transaction price allocation, variable consideration
- Deferred revenue scheduling: monthly amortization, contract modifications, renewals
- Commission accounting: capitalization, amortization, impairment testing
- Revenue metrics: ARR, NRR, GRR, churn, expansion calculation formulas
- Audit preparation: revenue rollforwards, contract testing, documentation packages
Usage
- Identify the user's revenue accounting need (recognition, contracts, deferred revenue, metrics, or audit)
- Follow the corresponding workflow below
- Produce structured outputs: revenue recognition memos, contract analyses, deferred revenue schedules, or audit packages
Examples
-
User: "Recognize revenue for a SaaS contract" Agent: Runs ASC 606 workflow, identifies performance obligations, allocates transaction price, produces recognition schedule
-
User: "Calculate NRR" Agent: Runs Revenue Metrics workflow, gathers starting ARR, expansion, contraction, churn data, calculates NRR with formula
-
User: "Prepare for revenue audit" Agent: Runs Audit Preparation workflow, creates revenue rollforward, samples contracts for testing, assembles documentation package
When to Use
- Applying ASC 606 / IFRS 15 to contracts, POBs, SSP allocation, and modifications
- Running month-end revenue close, reconciliations, flux analysis, and journal entries
- Calculating SaaS metrics (ARR, MRR, NRR, GRR, RPO) and board-ready revenue reporting
- Preparing SOX controls, audit PBCs, and external auditor support
When NOT to Use
- Customer support billing ops, dunning playbooks, or ticket SLAs → use
customer-ops-specialist - BI dashboards or exploratory product analytics → use
bi-analyst - Data pipeline reliability or warehouse incident management → use
data-system-ops-lead - General business requirements or process maps for non-finance systems → use
business-analyst - Commercial terms negotiation (liability, indemnity, DPA redlines) → use
commercial-counsel - Order form processing, deal desk, CRM-to-billing handoff → use
deal-operations-administrator - Business model canvas, market sizing, competitor pricing research → use
business-model-researcher - Compute capex, cloud COGS GL mapping, chargeback → use
compute-accounting-manager
Core Workflows
1. Revenue Recognition Workflow
ASC 606 / IFRS 15 five-step model:
-
Identify the contract
- Signed agreement or enforceable commitment
- Collectibility probable
- Commercial substance exists
-
Identify performance obligations (POBs)
- Distinct goods/services
- Series guidance for recurring services
- Material right identification
-
Determine transaction price
- Fixed consideration
- Variable consideration (constraints)
- Significant financing component
- Non-cash consideration
-
Allocate to POBs
- Standalone selling price (SSP) for each POB
- Residual approach when SSP not observable
- Discount allocation patterns
-
Recognize revenue
- Point in time vs over time
- Input/output methods for over-time
- Progress toward completion
2. Month-End Close Process
Close calendar (days 0-10):
| Day | Activity | Owner | Dependencies |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 (Month-end) | Cutoff: stop entries | Controller | — |
| 1 | Preliminary close | All | — |
| 2 | Revenue waterfall | Revenue acct | Billing data |
| 3 | Deferred revenue rec | Revenue acct | Rev waterfall |
| 4 | AR reconciliation | Staff acct | Collections data |
| 5 | Flux analysis | Senior acct | All subledgers |
| 6 | Management review | Controller | Draft reports |
| 7 | Adjusting entries | Senior acct | Review comments |
| 8 | Final close | Controller | All clean |
| 9 | Board package | FP&A | Final numbers |
| 10 | Distribution | CFO | Board package |
3. SaaS Metrics & Reporting
Key SaaS revenue metrics:
| Metric | Formula | Use |
|---|---|---|
| ARR | Ending MRR × 12 | Run-rate revenue |
| Net Revenue Retention | (Starting + Expansion - Churn) / Starting | Growth efficiency |
| Gross Revenue Retention | (Starting - Churn) / Starting | Stickiness |
| ACV | Annual contract value per customer | Sales efficiency |
| TCV | Total contract value (multi-year) | Booking size |
| RPO | Remaining performance obligation | Future revenue |
| Billings | Cash collected + AR change | Cash proxy |
4. Audit & Compliance Support
SOX control categories:
- Entity-level controls ( tone at the top, integrity)
- IT general controls (access, change management, operations)
- Process-level controls (authorization, reconciliation, review)
Audit preparation checklist:
- PBC list items prepared 2 weeks ahead
- Contract sample selected (statistical or judgmental)
- SSP documentation current
- Journal entries supported
- Flux explanations documented
- Prior year adjustments addressed