research-analysis

Research Analysis

Systematic research methods and analytical frameworks

Applicable Scenarios

• Market research and competitive analysis
• Literature review and research synthesis
• User research and needs analysis
• Data analysis and insight reports

Research Process Framework

1. 定義問題 → 2. 資料收集 → 3. 分析整理 → 4. 洞察提煉 → 5. 建議行動

Stage	Key Activities
Define	Research objectives, key questions, success criteria
Collect	Primary data (interviews, questionnaires), secondary data (literature, databases)
Analyze	Qualitative (coding, thematic synthesis), quantitative (statistics, visualization)
Distill	Key findings, pattern recognition, causal inference
Recommend	Strategic recommendations, action plans, risk assessment

Competitive Analysis Framework

Analysis Dimensions

Dimension	Analysis Points
Product Features	Core features, differentiating characteristics, feature completeness
User Experience	Interface design, usage flow, learning curve
Business Model	Pricing strategy, revenue sources, customer acquisition methods
Market Positioning	Target customers, value proposition, brand image
Technical Architecture	Tech stack, scalability, security

Competitive Matrix Template

| 維度 | 我們 | 競品A | 競品B | 競品C |
|------|------|-------|-------|-------|
| 核心功能 | ★★★ | ★★★★ | ★★ | ★★★ |
| 定價 | $99 | $149 | $49 | $79 |
| 目標客群 | SMB | Enterprise | Startup | SMB |
| 差異化 | 簡單易用 | 功能完整 | 價格低 | 整合多 |

Market Research Methods

Qualitative Research

Method	Applicable Scenarios	Sample Size
In-depth Interview	Explore motivations, understand context	8-15 people
Focus Group	Collect diverse perspectives, stimulate discussion	6-10 people/group
Observation	Understand actual behavior, discover pain points	As appropriate
Diary Study	Track long-term behavioral changes	10-20 people

Quantitative Research

Method	Applicable Scenarios	Sample Size
Questionnaire Survey	Validate hypotheses, quantify trends	100+
A/B Testing	Compare solution effectiveness	Depends on traffic
Data Analysis	Discover patterns, predict trends	Big data

Common Analysis Frameworks

Framework	Purpose	Applicable Scenarios
SWOT	Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats	Strategic planning
PEST	Political Economic Social Technological Environment	Macro analysis
Porter's 5 Forces	Industry competitiveness	Industry analysis
Jobs-to-be-Done	User tasks motivations	Product innovation
Affinity Diagram	Synthesize and organize information	Qualitative analysis

Hypothesis-Driven Analysis

Hypothesis Formula

IF [做 X 行動] → THEN [產生 Y 結果] → BECAUSE [基於 Z 理由]

Validation Process

1. Formulate Hypothesis - Propose a testable hypothesis based on observations
2. Design Validation - Determine data requirements and collection methods
3. Collect Evidence - Collect data that supports or refutes
4. Analyze Results - Determine whether the evidence supports the hypothesis
5. Revise and Confirm - If supported, proceed to recommendations; otherwise revise and retest

Triangulation

Use multiple sources to verify the same conclusion, improving credibility:

Type	Description	Example
Data Triangulation	Multiple data sources	Interviews + Surveys + Behavioral Data
Method Triangulation	Multiple research methods	Qualitative + Quantitative
Investigator Triangulation	Independent analysis by multiple people	Coding by two analysts

Questionnaire Design Key Points

Structure: Simple questions at the beginning → Core questions in the middle → Demographics at the end

Principles：

• Ask about only one thing per question
• Avoid leading questions
• Provide a "Not Applicable" option
• 5-10 minutes is optimal (about 15-25 questions)

Question Types: Single choice, multiple choice, scale, matrix, open-ended, ranking

Data Visualization Selection

Purpose	Recommended Chart
Comparison	Bar chart, line chart, stacked bar chart
Distribution	Histogram, box plot, scatter plot
Composition	Pie chart (< 6 categories), treemap
Trend	Line chart, area chart

Principles: Title conveys the message, Y-axis starts at 0, consistent color coding, cite sources

Research Quality Standards

Qualitative Research

Standard	Method of Achievement
Credibility	Triangulation, member checking
Transferability	Thick description, clear context
Dependability	Detailed records, audit trail
Confirmability	Reflexive journal, peer review

Quantitative Research

Standard	Evaluation Method
Internal Validity	Control variables, random assignment
External Validity	Sample representativeness
Reliability	Cronbach's alpha
Construct Validity	Factor analysis

Research Ethics

Must: Informed consent, protect privacy, present truthfully, cite sources, explain limitations

Avoid: Manipulating data, selective presentation, unauthorized use of personal data, exaggerating generalizability

Recommended Tools

Purpose	Tool
Reference Management	Zotero, Mendeley
Qualitative Analysis	NVivo, ATLAS.ti, Dovetail
Survey	Typeform, SurveyMonkey
Data Visualization	Tableau, Power BI
AI Assistance	Elicit, Consensus, Claude

Further Resources

For detailed templates and guidelines, please refer to extended/ Table of contents:

• templates.md - Research proposal, literature review, report, interview guide templates
• examples.md - Hypothesis analysis, triangulation, questionnaire design examples
• checklists.md - Research ethics, quality assessment, AI usage checklist

Reference resources

• Research Methods Knowledge Base
• Nielsen Norman Group - UX Research
• IDEO Design Kit