Defeating both exploit mitigations (ASLR/DEP/CFG/XFG/CET/ACG) and platform security controls (WDAC, ASR, AMSI/ETW, PPL/LSA Protection, VBS/HVCI). Every technique is paired with detection + OPSEC so it doubles as defensive hardening guidance. Assumes an authorized engagement.
When to Activate
- Fingerprinting a target's mitigation landscape before weaponizing an exploit
- Designing a memory-corruption exploit that must defeat ASLR + DEP + CFG/CET in one chain
- Bypassing application control (WDAC / App Control for Business) to run unsigned code
- Disabling or blinding telemetry (ASR, AMSI, ETW) ahead of post-exploitation
- Dumping a PPL/LSA-protected process (LSASS) or killing a PPL-protected EDR
- Deciding between userland-only vs BYOVD/kernel approaches based on VBS/HVCI state
Technique Map
| Technique | ATT&CK | CWE | Reference | Script |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASLR/HEASLR defeat (info leak, partial overwrite, non-ASLR module) | T1211 | CWE-330 | references/memory-safety-mitigations.md | scripts/find_nonaslr_modules.py |
| DEP/NX bypass (ROP→VirtualProtect, ret2libc) | T1211 | CWE-119 | references/memory-safety-mitigations.md | scripts/cfg_dispatch_gadget_finder.py |
| CFG/XFG bypass (valid-target dispatch gadget, type-hash collision) | T1211 | CWE-1240 | references/memory-safety-mitigations.md | scripts/cfg_dispatch_gadget_finder.py |
| CET shadow stack / IBT evasion (non-CET process, JOP, exception unwind) | T1211 | CWE-1419 | references/memory-safety-mitigations.md | scripts/Get-ProcessMitigationMap.ps1 |
| ACG/CIG bypass (signed-code reuse, JIT exemption, cross-process) | T1211, T1055 | CWE-94 | references/acg-cig-dynamic-code.md | scripts/Get-ProcessMitigationMap.ps1 |
| WDAC / App Control bypass (LOLBin, signed Electron/V8, sideload) | T1218 | CWE-693 | references/wdac-app-control-bypass.md | scripts/mitigation_recon.ps1 |
| ASR rule bypass (excluded path/process hollow, COM, syscalls) | T1562.001 | CWE-693 | references/asr-amsi-etw-blinding.md | scripts/extract_asr_exclusions.py |
| AMSI bypass (amsiInitFailed, AmsiScanBuffer patch, hardware bp) | T1562.001 | CWE-693 | references/asr-amsi-etw-blinding.md | scripts/mitigation_recon.ps1 |
| ETW blinding (EtwEventWrite patch, provider disable, NtTraceControl) | T1562.006 | CWE-778 | references/asr-amsi-etw-blinding.md | scripts/mitigation_recon.ps1 |
| PPL / LSA Protection bypass (PPLmedic userland chain, BYOVD) | T1003.001, T1562.001 | CWE-269 | references/ppl-lsa-protection.md | scripts/Get-ProcessMitigationMap.ps1 |
| BYOVD kernel R/W (unblocked driver, EPROCESS.Protection wipe) | T1068, T1562.001 | CWE-822 | references/byovd-vbs-hvci.md | scripts/check_driver_blocklist.py |
| VBS/HVCI/Credential Guard evasion (blocklist evasion, data-only) | T1068, T1562.001 | CWE-693 | references/byovd-vbs-hvci.md | scripts/check_driver_blocklist.py |
Quick Start
# 1. Fingerprint system + per-process mitigations, AMSI/ETW/ASR/WDAC/VBS state
powershell -ep bypass -f scripts/mitigation_recon.ps1 -OutJson recon.json
powershell -ep bypass -f scripts/Get-ProcessMitigationMap.ps1 # rank weak processes
# 2. If memory-corruption target: locate non-ASLR modules + CFG-valid dispatch gadgets
python scripts/find_nonaslr_modules.py C:\Target\*.dll
python scripts/cfg_dispatch_gadget_finder.py target.dll # ROP/JOP under CFG/CET
# 3. If application control (WDAC) blocks execution: pick a signed bypass vessel
# MSBuild inline C#, signed legacy Teams (Electron), or signed Node .node module
# 4. Blind telemetry before post-ex (use sparingly — patching is itself an IOC)
# AMSI: patch AmsiScanBuffer / amsiInitFailed ETW: patch EtwEventWrite
# 5. Credential access vs PPL/LSA: userland PPLmedic chain (no driver) or BYOVD
python scripts/extract_asr_exclusions.py # find ASR-excluded paths
python scripts/check_driver_blocklist.py mydriver.sys # is driver blocklisted/HVCI-safe?
OPSEC & Detection (summary)
| Technique | Telemetry / IOC | Detection (Sigma / EDR) | OPSEC note |
|---|---|---|---|
| ROP/JOP exploit | crash dumps, WER, #CP/#PF exceptions, RWX alloc | EDR stack-walk on VirtualProtect/VirtualAlloc; CFG/CET #CP telemetry | prefer data-only; reuse signed gadgets; avoid RWX |
| WDAC LOLBin | 4688 w/ MSBuild/mshta parent, child of office/explorer | Sigma proc_creation_win_lolbin_*; CodeIntegrity 3076/3077 audit | use Microsoft-signed Electron/V8 — looks like normal app |
| AMSI patch | RWX in amsi.dll, AMSI scan gaps | AMSI bypass detections, mem scan of amsi.dll .text | indirect syscalls; restore bytes; HWBP avoids byte edits |
| ETW patch | EtwEventWrite first byte = 0xC3/0xCC | ETW-TI sensor; integrity scan of ntdll EtwEventWrite | restore after use; or disable provider not whole API |
| PPL LSASS dump | handle to lsass w/ VM_READ, MiniDump call, 4656/4663 | Sysmon 10 GrantedAccess 0x1010/0x1410; Defender ASR 9e6c... | userland PPLmedic avoids driver IOC; rename per ASR excl. |
| BYOVD | Sysmon 6 driver load, svc create reg, unsigned-by-MS driver | Sysmon EID6 + reg EID13; MDE LOLDrivers hash hunt; blocklist | pick driver NOT in MS blocklist/LOLDrivers; HVCI may still block |
| VBS/HVCI off | bcdedit hypervisorlaunchtype off, DeviceGuard reg writes | reg EID13 on DeviceGuard; boot config change events | requires admin+reboot — loud; data-only attack instead |
Deep Dives
- references/memory-safety-mitigations.md — ASLR/HEASLR, DEP/NX, CFG/XFG, Intel CET shadow stack + IBT, SEHOP: how each works on Win11 24H2 and concrete bypass chains (info leak → dispatch gadget → VirtualProtect).
- references/acg-cig-dynamic-code.md — Arbitrary Code Guard, Code Integrity Guard, Dynamic Code policy: signed-code-only reuse, JIT/browser exemptions, cross-process pivots, SEC_IMAGE section abuse.
- references/wdac-app-control-bypass.md — WDAC / App Control for Business: recommended-block-rule LOLBins, signed Electron (Loki C2) + signed Node
.node/V8 exploitation, DLL sideloading, allow-list reality check. - references/asr-amsi-etw-blinding.md — ASR rule bypasses (global exclusion abuse, process hollowing into trusted images), AMSI bypass variants, ETW blinding (full patch vs selective provider disable).
- references/ppl-lsa-protection.md — PPL levels & LSA Protection (RunAsPPL), userland PPLmedic exploit chain, PPLBlade/nanodump dumping, Credential Guard reality, BYOVD PPL kill.
- references/byovd-vbs-hvci.md — BYOVD kernel R/W primitive build, Microsoft driver blocklist + LOLDrivers + HVCI/Secure Boot evasion (Silver Fox amsdk.sys case), VBS/Credential Guard limits, kernel shadow stack.