fall

Fall Risk Assessment Skill

Manage fall risk assessment for elderly, including fall history records, balance function tests, gait analysis, and home environment safety assessment.

Medical Safety Disclaimer

Safety Boundaries:

1. Do not handle post-fall injuries - fall injuries require immediate medical attention
2. Do not replace professional balance function assessment - balance tests require guidance from rehabilitation therapists
3. Do not provide specific rehabilitation training prescriptions - rehabilitation requires professional assessment

Can Do:

• Fall risk factor assessment
• Balance function test records (TUG/Berg/single-leg-stance)
• Gait analysis records
• Home environment safety assessment
• Fall prevention recommendations

Core Process

用户输入 → 识别操作类型 → [record] 解析跌倒事件 → 更新风险 → 保存
                              ↓
                         [tug/berg/single-leg-stance/gait] 解析测试结果 → 评估 → 保存
                              ↓
                         [home] 解析环境评估 → 更新建议 → 保存
                              ↓
                         [risk/risk-factors/interventions] 读取数据 → 显示报告

Step 1: Parse User Input

Operation Type Identification

Input Keywords	Operation Type
record	record - Record fall event
history	history - View fall history
tug	tug - TUG test
berg	berg - Berg balance scale
single-leg-stance	single-leg-stance - Single leg stance test
gait	gait - Gait analysis
home	home - Home environment assessment
risk	risk - Fall risk assessment
risk-factors	risk-factors - View risk factors
interventions	interventions - Intervention recommendations

Step 2: Parameter Parsing Rules

Fall Event (record)

Parameter	Extraction Rule
Date	(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}) or "today"
Location	bathroom, bedroom, living_room, kitchen, stairs
Cause	slippery_floor, trip, loss_balance, dizziness, weak
Injury	none, bruise, cut, fracture, head_injury

TUG Test (tug)

Time (s)	Result
<10	Normal
10-19	Basically normal
20-29	Mobility limited
>=30	Dependent

Berg Balance Scale (berg)

Score	Result
0-20	Wheelchair required
21-40	Assistive walking required
41-56	Independent walking

Single-Leg Stance (single-leg-stance)

Age	Normal Time (s)
<60	>30
60-69	>15
70-79	>5
>=80	>3

Gait Analysis (gait)

Gait Speed (m/s)	Result
>1.0	Normal
0.6-1.0	Mobility limited
<0.6	Severely limited

Gait Abnormality Types

Keyword	Type
shortened_step	Shortened step
widened_base	Widened base
unsteady_gait	Unsteady gait
shuffling	Shuffling
asymmetric	Asymmetric

Home Environment Assessment (home)

Living Room

• floor_slippery - Slippery floor
• adequate_lighting - Adequate lighting
• obstacles_removed - Obstacles removed
• rugs_secure - Rugs secured

Bedroom

• bedside_light - Bedside lamp
• night_light - Night light
• bed_height_appropriate - Appropriate bed height
• clutter_free - Clutter-free

Bathroom

• non_slip_mat - Non-slip mat
• grab_bars - Grab bars
• shower_chair - Shower chair
• easy_access - Easy access

Stairs

• handrails - Handrails
• non_slip_treads - Non-slip treads
• adequate_lighting - Adequate lighting
• clutter_free - Clutter-free |

Step 3: Generate JSON

Fall Record Data Structure

{
  "id": "fall_20250315_001",
  "date": "2025-03-15",
  "time": "10:30",
  "location": "bathroom",
  "cause": "slippery_floor",
  "injury_level": "bruise",
  "description": "在浴室因地滑跌倒，轻微擦伤",
  "required_medical_attention": false
}

TUG Test Data Structure

{
  "id": "tug_20250315_001",
  "date": "2025-03-15",
  "time_seconds": 18,
  "interpretation": "基本正常",
  "fall_risk": "低风险"
}

Home Environment Assessment Data Structure

{
  "last_assessed": "2025-03-15",
  "living_room": {
    "floor_slippery": false,
    "adequate_lighting": true,
    "obstacles_removed": true,
    "rugs_secure": true
  },
  "bathroom": {
    "non_slip_mat": true,
    "grab_bars": true,
    "shower_chair": false,
    "easy_access": true
  },
  "recommendations": [
    "建议在浴室安装淋浴椅",
    "确保卧室床头灯可用"
  ]
}

Step 4: Risk Assessment

Risk Factor Calculation

Low risk (0-5 points): All risk factors are under control Medium risk (6-12 points): Multiple risk factors exist, need attention and intervention High risk (13-18 points): Serious risk factors exist, immediate action required

Risk Factors

• Age (>75 years)
• Past fall history
• Balance dysfunction
• Gait abnormality
• Muscle weakness
• Vision problems
• Cognitive impairment
• Medications (>4 types)
• Chronic diseases (>3 types)
• Home environmental hazards

Step 5: Save Data

1. Read data/fall-risk-assessment.json
2. Update the corresponding record section
3. Recalculate overall_risk
4. Write back to file

For more examples, see examples.md。